41-44為題組
Who is more stressed out—the Asian teenager or the American teenager? Surprise. The American teen wins this contest. According to a recent study, almost three-quarters of American high school juniors said they felt stress at least once a week, some almost daily. Fewer than half of Japanese and Taiwanese eleventh graders reported feeling stress that often.
stress
content
tension
grader
stress mark
according to
stressed out
at least
teenager
at last
teen
at no time
youth
at once
high school kid
at one time
contest
at present
contrast
at random
context
at the latest
contend
at the most
The phenomenon of stress is the constant interaction between mind and body. And the influence of one upon the other can be either positive or negative. What can the mind do to the body? Studies have proved that watching funny movies can reduce pain and promote healing. Conversely, worry can give a person an ulcer, high blood pressure, or even a heart attack.
phenomenon
interaction
isolated phenomenon
interactive
natural phenomenon
inter-
transient phenomenon
intercept
constant
interchange
constantly
influence
continual
affect
without stopping
conversely
often
ulcer
always
heart attack
The mind and body work together to produce stress, which is a bodily response to a stimulus, a response that disturbs the body’s normal physiological balance. However, stress is not always bad. For example, a stress reaction can sometimes save a person’s life by releasing hormones that enable a person to react quickly and with greater energy in a dangerous situation. In everyday situations, too, stress can provide that extra push needed to do something difficult. But too much stress often injures both the mind and the body. How can stress be kept under control? Learn to Lighten Up and Live Longer, the best seller of the month, has several good suggestions. So, grab a copy and start learning how you can reduce stress in your life.
stimulus
situation
give a stimulus
critical situation
provide a stimulus
international situation
disturb
present situation
disturbance
surrounding
disturbed
provide
physical
offer
physical education
supply
release
injure
releaser
suggestion
hormones
suggest
enable
grab
enact
reduce
greater
decrease
energy
increase
41. What is the writer’s main purpose for writing this passage?
(A) To find who are the most stressed out teenagers.
(B) To explain that stress is a mental problem.
(C) To inform the reader how to reduce stress.
(D) To promote a book about reducing stress.
42. The underlined word ulcer in the second paragraph refers to a particular kind of
(A) mental illness. (B) physical problem.
(C) spiritual healing. (D) physiological treatment.
43. According to the passage, which of following is a positive effect of stress?
(A) Watching funny movies. (B) Doing relaxing exercise.
(C) Avoiding difficult things successfully. (D) Reacting quickly in risky situations.
44. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
(A) Taiwanese teens experience more stress than American teens.
(B) Stress is a state too complicated to be kept under full control.
(C) Learn to Lighten Up and Live Longer is a popular book.
(D) Stress is always more positive than harmful to the body.
45-48為題組
Tea was the first brewed beverage. The Chinese emperor Shen Nung in 2737 B.C. introduced the drink. Chinese writer Lu Yu wrote in A.D. 780 that there were “tens of thousands” of teas. Chinese tea was introduced to Japan in A.D. 800. It was then introduced to Europe in the early 1600s, when trade began between Europe and the Far East. At that time, China was the main supplier of tea to the world. Then in 1834, tea cultivation began in India and spread to Sri Lanka, Thailand, Burma, and other areas of Southeast Asia. Today, Java, South Africa, South America, and areas of the Caucasus also produce tea.
brew
princess
cook
trade
prepare
main
beverage
mean
alcoholic beverage
mind
carbonated beverage
cultivation
popular beverage
spread to
summer beverage
area
emperor
area code
prince
areca
There are three kinds of tea: black, green, and oolong. Most international tea trading is in black tea. Black tea preparation consists mainly of picking young leaves and leaf buds on a clear sunny day and letting the leaves dry for about an hour in the sun. Then, they are lightly rolled and left in a fermentation room to develop scent and a red color. Next, they are heated several more times. Finally, the leaves are dried in a basket over a charcoal fire. Green tea leaves are heated in steam, rolled, and dried. Oolong tea is prepared similarly to black tea, but without the fermentation time.
oolong
scent
preparation
send
consist
basket
consist of
basketball
consist in
charcoal
consist with
heat
leave
steam
bud
emit steam
ferment
produce steam
fermentation
put on steam
Three main varieties of tea—Chinese, Assamese, and Cambodian—have distinct characteristics. The Chinese variety, a strong plant that can grow to be 2.75 meters high, can live to be 100 years old and survives cold winters. The Assamese variety can grow 18 meters high and lives about 40 years. The Cambodian tea tree grows five meters tall.
Tea is enjoyed worldwide as a refreshing and stimulating drink. Because so many people continue to drink the many varieties of tea, it will probably continue as the world’s most popular drink.
var-changeable
meter
variety
-meter
variable
survive
various
worldwide
vary
refresh
distinct
stimulate
dissimilar
continue
separate
characteristic
character
45. In the early 1600s, tea was introduced to Europe due to
(A) revolution. (B) marriage. (C) business. (D) education.
46. According to the passage, which of following is the most popular tea around the world?
(A) Green tea (B) Black tea (C) Oolong tea (D) European tea
47. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE about tea preparation?
(A) Black tea leaves need to be picked on a cloudy day.
(B) Green tea leaves need to be heated over a charcoal fire.
(C) The preparation of oolong tea is similar to that of black tea.
(D) Oolong tea leaves need to be heated in steam before they are rolled.
48. Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage?
(A) People drink tea to become rich and healthy.
(B) Java developed tea cultivation earlier than India.
(C) Tea plants can grow for only a short period of time.
(D) People drink tea because of its variety and refreshing effect.
49-52為題組
Astronauts often work 16 hours a day on the space shuttle in order to complete all the projects set out for the mission. From space, astronauts study the geography, pollution, and weather patterns on Earth. They take many photographs to record their observations. Also, astronauts conduct experiments on the shuttle to learn how space conditions, such as microgravity, affect humans, animals, plants, and insects. Besides working, regular exercise is essential to keep the astronauts healthy in microgravity.
astro-
geography
astronaut
pollution
astronomer
photo-
astronomy
photography
space shuttle
record
in order to
observation
in order
conduct
complete
experiment
project
condition
object
microgravity
affect human
insect
ani-
regular
animal
exercise
plant
essential
Astronauts sometimes go outside the shuttle to work. They are protected by a space suit from the radiation of the Sun. Meanwhile, the space suit provides necessary oxygen supply and keeps the astronauts from feeling the extreme heat or cold outside the shuttle.
protect
extreme
protest
heat
protect from
mar
protectant
venus
space suit
satellite
radiation
artificial satellite
radiation chemistry
man-made satellite
radiation sick
meanwhile
necessary
When the mission is over, the crew members get ready to return to Earth. The shuttle does not use its engines for a landing. It glides through the atmosphere. When the shuttle touches the land, a drag parachute opens to steady the aircraft, get the speed right, and help the brakes on the landing-gear wheels to bring it to a complete stop.
crew
engineer
air crew
engineering
ground crew
glide
stage crew
glider
ship’s crew
-sphere
mission
atmosphere
engine
drag
start engine
parachute
turn on engine
aircraft
turn off engine
wheel
49. The passage is mainly about
(A) how astronauts fly the space shuttle. (B) how a space mission is completed.
(C) how a space shuttle is constructed. (D) how far astronauts travel in space.
50. The underlined word conduct in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to
(A) behave. (B) instruct. (C) serve as. (D) carry out.
51. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
(A) The astronauts need a space suit to work outside the shuttle.
(B) The astronauts keep themselves warm in a space suit.
(C) The astronauts need a space suit to survive in space.
(D) The astronauts can hardly breathe in a space suit.
52. A parachute needs to be opened because it can
(A) slow down the shuttle. (B) stop the shuttle from falling.
(C) make the shuttle get closer to Earth. (D) help the shuttle glide through the atmosphere.
53-56為題組
Joy Hirsch, a neuroscientist in New York, has recently found evidence that children and adults don’t use the same parts of the brain when learning a second language. He used an instrument called an MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) to study the brains of two groups of bilingual people. One group consisted of those who had learned a second language as children. The other consisted of people who learned their second language later in life. People from both groups were placed inside the MRI scanner.
neuro-
instrument
neuroscientist
instruction
evidence
magnetic
children
magnetic field
adult
magnetic force
brain
magnetic needle
go off one’s brain
bilingual
brain surgeon
consist of
brainstorm
scanner
brain trust
This allowed Hirsch to see which parts of the brain were getting more blood and were more active. He asked people from both groups to think about what they had done the day before, first in one language and then the other. They couldn’t speak out loud, because any movement would disrupt the scanning.
allow
Out of contact with
allow for
Out of danger
allow of
Out of date
loud
Out of luck
movement
Out of line
rupt- to break
Out of order
disrupt
Out of sight
bankrupt
Out of step
corrupt
Out of stock
interrupt
Out of temper
Hirsch looked specifically at two language centers in the brain—Broca’s area, believed to control speech production, and Wernicke’s area, thought to process meaning. He found that both groups of people used the same part of Wernicke’s area no matter what language they were speaking. But how they used Broca’s area was different.
Specifically
Communications center
Specific
Convention center
Specifiable
Out of control
specify
Out of gas
Center
Out of the work
Business center
Out of work
Commercial center
Out of action
Financial center
Out of breath
Medical center
Out of shape
Trade center
Out of condition
People who learned a second language as children used the same region in Broca’s area for both languages. People who learned a second language later in life used a special part of Broca’s area for their second language—near the one activated for their native tongue.
How does Hirsch explain this difference? He believes that, when language is first being programmed in young children, their brains may mix all languages into the same area. But once that programming is complete, a different part of the brain must take over a new language. Another possibility is simply that we may acquire languages differently as children than we do as adults. Hirsch thinks that mothers teach a baby to speak by using different methods such as touch, sound, and sight. And that’s very different from sitting in a high school class.
Explain
Take over
Clarify
Take part in
Program
Take place
Commercial program
Take pity on
Concert program
Take pleasure in
Financial program
Method
Graduate program
Rule
Schedule
Way
timetable
Break the rule
53. The purpose of this passage is to
(A) explain how people become bilingual.
(B) explain how to be a better second language learner.
(C) describe research into the brains of bilingual people.
(D) describe the best ways to acquire languages at different ages.
54. In the study, the subjects were placed inside the MRI scanner to
(A) observe the activities of the brains when they used languages.
(B) observe the movements of the brains when they spoke out loud.
(C) describe the functions of the areas of the brains when they slept.
(D) describe the best areas of the brains for learning second languages.
55. The language center in the brain that is believed to control speech production is called
(A) MRI. (B) native tongue. (C) Wernicke’s area. (D) Broca’s area.
56. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE for bilingual people?
(A) Those who spoke different languages used the same part of Wernicke’s area.
(B) Those who spoke different languages always used the same part of Broca’s area.
(C) Those who spoke the same language never used Broca’s area and Wernicke’s area.
(D) Those who spoke different languages always used different parts of Wernicke’s area.
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